Analysis on the Exchange Activities between the 13th Dalai Lama and Foreign Personnel during His Residence in Mount Wutai
Thub-bstan rGya-mtsho,the 13th Dalai Lama,arrived at Mount Wutai to worship Buddha on Febru-ary 20,the 34th year of Guangxu(1908),lived in Mount Wutai for half a year,and left Mount Wutai in Sep-tember 1908.During this period,he met with foreign personnel multiple times,including unofficial figures such as German doctors,French explorers,and Japanese monks,as well as official envoys such as the US envoy to China,the Russian Minister of the Interior,and British diplomats.As a local political leader in Xizang,it is normal for the Dalai Lama to travel to the mainland to promote Buddhism and to have exchanges and talks with people from all walks of life.However,during his stay in Mount Wutai,he frequently contacted foreign people,not only involving religious exchanges and trade exchanges,but also,more importantly,many political and dip-lomatic issues.By examining the history of his exchanges with foreign personnel during his stay in Mount Wutai,we can better understand the activities of the Dalai Lama during his stay in Mount Wutai and the influ-ence on later years,and the facts of foreign involvement in Xizang affairs.
The 13th Dalai LamaMount WutaiForeign personnelExchanges
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