The Records of Grwa-bzhi Temple and the Grwa-bzhi lHa-mo Belief—Also on the Han-Tibetan Cultural Exchanges in the Qing Dynasty
The Records of Grwa-bzhi Temple(Grwa bzhi brtan bzhugs dgon gsar bzhengs mdzad pavi dkar chag mgo brjod)written by Gevu-tshang Byams-pa sMon-lam,an eminent monk of the Gelug Sect in the 18th century,is one of the important information for the study of the history of Grwa-bzhi Temple(also known as Grwa-bzhi Wanshou Temple)located in the northern suburbs of Lhasa and the Han-Tibetan cultural exchanges in the Qing Dynasty.This article is based on the Records of Grwa-bzhi Temple and combines relevant materials to sort out the historical evolution of Grwa-bzhi place.In particular,while discussing the history of the construction of Grwa-bzhi Temple,it also analyzes and sorts out the formation of"Grwa-bzhi lHa-mo"belief culture,believes that the Grwa-bzhi lHa-mo belief is a product of Han-Tibetan cultural exchanges,and this belief can be traced back to the Qing Dynasty.The multiplicity of Grwa-bzhi lHa-mo's identity is not only related to the openness and flexi-bility of the Tibetan Buddhist deity system,but also closely related to the cultural exchanges between Han and Ti-betan people in the Qing Dynasty.Therefore,it is not difficult to understand why Grwa-bzhi lHa-mo is described as being from the Central Plains region as a Tibetan Buddhist Dharma Protector.This cultural phenomenon fully dem-onstrates that the Han and Tibetan ethnic groups have a long history of contacts,exchanges and integration.
Records of Grwa-bzhi TempleGrwa-bzhi lHa-moGrwa-bzhi TempleHan-Tibetan cultural exchanges