When did Xizang enter the Early Metal Age?Archaeology provides the most important evidence.The bronze mirrors engraved with yak images found in Lhasa in recent years provide a key clue to solve this prob-lem.Through the comparison of the mirror with handle unearthed from the archaeological site of Qugong(曲贡),it can be found that the bronze mirror with handle from the stone chamber tomb of Qugong has the same pattern,thus confirming the exact age and casting process of this type of bronze mirror with yak pattern.Then compared with the bronze culture in the surrounding areas,a new conclusion is drawn on the early production of metal ware and related problems in the Xizang Plateau.The starting point of the"Early Metal Age in Xi-zang"now seems to be the starting point of the age of the bronze arrowhead found in the early strata of the Qugong site,that is,around 4000 years ago.At the same time,in the western and eastern parts of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,the Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age have also entered one after another,and the possible dividing line between the two ages can be drawn around 2000 years ago.However,the use of copper and iron at the same time also appeared in this period.The mother type of handled bronze mirror,such as Qugong mirror and yak mirror,which are called"Tibetan handled mirror"system by scholars,should be from the Eura-sian steppe in the north and the Indus River valley in South Asia,but it reflects the local characteristics of the Xizang Plateau in terms of the shape of the mirror body,the chiseling technology of the mirror back,the deco-rative pattern,the joint method of the mirror handle and the base,and the alloy composition.And there is a close connection between the bronze craft of the southwest"Yi"system in the eastern foot of the Qinghai-Xi-zang Plateau,northwest Sichuan,northwest Yunnan,etc.,and the two may have mutual influence through the"cultural transmission belt"formed by the"sarcophagus burial culture".
关键词
西藏考古/早期金属时代/文明标志/石棺葬文化
Key words
Archaeology of Xizang/Early Metal Age/Symbol of civilization/Sarcophagus burial culture
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