摘要
油莎豆(Cyperus esculentus)属莎草科植物,是一种集粮油、饲用和生化使用于一体的一年生草本植物,具有良好的开发种植及应用前景.油莎豆地下块茎油脂、淀粉含量高,纤维含量适中,并含有与玉米、稻谷相近的蛋白质含量;有丰富的必需脂肪酸、膳食纤维、黄酮和甾醇类物质,具有抗氧化、降低血糖、调节脂代谢和抑菌功能等多种生物活性,具有作为功能性食品和饲料的开发潜力.油莎豆地上茎叶部分生产量大,可制作适用于草食动物及猪、鹅等畜禽的青绿饲料、干草或青贮饲料,是良好的饲草;油莎豆适应性强,适宜在盐碱地、沙漠开发种植.本文综述了油莎豆块茎和茎叶的产油及饲用价值,为推动"农艺-农机-农技"相结合的规模化种植和应用技术发展,使其可以在我国广袤的盐碱地、沙漠等潜在农地大面积种植,开发新型资源、缓解粮食安全矛盾提供参考.
Abstract
Cyperus esculentus,which was a kind of annual herb that integrates grain oil,feeding and biochemical application,had a good development and application prospects.The tuber had high oil and starch content,moderate fiber content,the protein content was similar to grain.It was rich in essential fatty acids,dietary fiber,flavonoids and sterols.It had several bio-activities such as anti-oxi-dation,lowering blood sugar,regulating lipid metabolism and antibacterial function.Therefore,it could be provided as a good develop-ment potential functional food and feed.The biomass of stems and leaves on the ground was large,which could be used to produce green feed,hay and silage feed for herbivores,pigs,geese and other livestock.Cyperus esculentus had strong adaptability and it was suitable for developing and planting in saline-alkali land and desert.In this paper,the oil production and feeding value of tubers,stems and leaves of Cyperus esculentus were reviewed,in order to promot the development of large-scale planting and application technolo-gy combining"agronomy,agricultural machinery and agricultural technology",support agricultural land such as saline-alkali land and desert,so as to alleviating food security.
基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1300600)
维普
万方数据