Objective To analyze the microbiological characteristics,drug resistance,and infection-related risk factors of lower respiratory tract infection in patients with lung malignancies.Methods All of 158 patients who were hospitalized in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University and the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from July 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.Metagenomic next-generation sequencing of patients was tested in the alveolar lavage.42 cases of lung malignant tumor were divided into observation group,116 cases of non-lung malignant tumor were divided into control group.The patients'bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected,and the pathogen identification and drug sensitivity test were carried out.Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate related risk factors of infections factors.Survival of lung malignancies patients with infected and non-infected was compared using the log-rank test.Results In the observation group,31 patients(73.81％)developed lower respiratory tract infection;in the control group,101 patients(87.07％)developed lower respiratory tract infection.In the observation group,the infection patterns of various microorganisms were dominated by a mixture of Gram-negative bacteria and fungi in 11 cases.In the observation group,the most common pathogens were Haemophilus influenzae,Candida albicans,Enterococcus faecium,and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Among the 31 patients with lower respiratory tract infection in the observation group,drug-resistant bacteria were detected in 9 patients(29.03％);the most common drug-resistant pathogen was Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Binary logistic regression analysis showed that pleural effusion and tumor stage were independent risk factors for lower respiratory tract infection in patients with lung cancer(P＜0.05).A total of 21 patients(50.00％)died during the follow-up period.Patients in the infection(+)group had significantly lower overall survival compared with those in the infection(-)group(P＜0.001).Conclusions Gram-negative bacteria are the majority of pathogens documented in patients with lung malignancies.Pleural effusion and tumor stage are independent risk factors for lower respiratory tract infection in patients with lung cancer,and infection reduces overall survival in patients with lung cancer.
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