Objective To explore the relevant risk factors and prognosis of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC)who experienced recurrence within 6 months after surgery Methods This retrospective study included a total of 259 patients with ICC a treated at He'nan Provincial People's Hospital and He'nan Cancer Hospital from Jan 2018 to Jan 2020.The clinical and pathological data,differences between the group with recurrence within 6 months and the group without recurrence within 6 months were compared using the chi-square test.Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the relevant risk factors for recurrence within 6 months.Kaplan-Meier method was used to construct survival and recurrence curves,and survival rates were calculated.Results The overall survival and recurrence-free survival of patients in the group with recurrence within 6 months were significantly shorter.CA19-9,tumor longitudinal diameter,microvascular invasion,and neural invasion were identified as independent risk factors for recurrence within 6 months after ICC surgery(P<0.001).Conclusion The patient population experiencing recurrence within 6 months after ICC surgery has an extremely poor prognosis and possesses a specific tumor microenvironment.CA19-9,tumor longitudinal diameter,microvascular invasion,and neural invasion were identified as independent risk factors for recurrence within 6 months after ICC surgery.