摘要
目的:评估饮食模式与胆结石的关系。方法:回顾性分析2021年9月至2022年9月110例经超声检查证实为胆石症患者的病例资料（胆石症组），同时纳入年龄匹配的非胆石症230例患者的病例资料（对照组）。使用有效和可靠的食物频率问卷来评估参与者的饮食摄入量确定膳食结构。采用SPSS 27.0软件进行统计分析，采用Logistic回归方法计算胆结石患病的优势比。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果:胆石症组患者总能量摄入量、2型糖尿病患病率高于对照组，体力活动、蛋白质摄入量、膳食胆固醇、膳食纤维低于对照组（P<0.05）。胆石症与“健康”饮食模式之间有显著的关系。“健康”饮食模式最高的参与者患胆结石的可能性显著降低（OR=0.33, 95%CI：0.120-0.89）。结论:在健康饮食模式的背景下，大量食用植物油、蔬菜、水果、鱼、豆类和坚果，以及低摄入脂肪和盐，与患胆结石的风险成反比。
Abstract
Objective:Evaluate the relationship between dietary patterns and gallstones.Methods:Data of 110 patients with cholelithiasis confirmed by ultrasound from September 2021 to September 2022 (cholelithiasis group) were retrospectively analyzed, and data of 230 age-matched patients without cholelithiasis (control group) were included. A valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire was used to assess participants' dietary intake to determine dietary structure. SPSS 27.0 software was used for statistical analysis, and Logistic regression method was used to calculate the odds ratio of gallstone disease. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:The total energy intake and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in cholelithiasis group were higher than those in control group, and the physical activity, protein intake, dietary cholesterol and dietary fiber were lower than those in control group (P<0.05). When both genders were analyzed together, there was a significant relationship between gallstone disease and "healthy" eating patterns. Participants with the highest "healthy" eating patterns were significantly less likely to develop gallstones (OR: 0.33, 95%CI = 0.120-0.89).Conclusion:In the context of a healthy eating pattern, high consumption of vegetable oils, vegetables, fruits, fish, legumes and nuts, as well as low intake of fat and salt, is inversely proportional to the risk of gallstones.
万方数据