Researches of nanotechnology in encapsulated islet grafts
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胰岛移植是治疗1型糖尿病的最佳手段，但移植的胰岛细胞容易因免疫反应等原因而大量丢失，导致胰岛移植远期疗效不佳。胰岛封装是将胰岛细胞包裹在半透性的材料中，以达到保护胰岛细胞分泌胰岛素功能、减少胰岛细胞凋亡、减轻免疫反应的作用。而纳米技术能对封装材料进行纳米级控制，更好的"隔离"胰岛细胞和外界环境，是延长胰岛细胞存活时间的关键技术。本文简要介绍了胰岛封装技术及纳米技术，探讨不同纳米技术在封装胰岛移植物的优缺点，并对纳米技术将来在胰岛移植诊断与治疗方面进行展望，旨在延长胰岛细胞存活时间，提高胰岛素的分泌，改善胰岛移植疗效。 Islelet transplantation (IT) is an ideal treatment for type 1 diabetes. However, a large number of transplanted islet cells become lost due to immune responses and other reasons, resulting in a poor long-term efficacy of IT. Islet encapsulation is wrapping islet cells with semi-permeable materials for protecting insulin secretion function by islet cells, reducing islet cell apoptosis and minimizing immune responses. Nanotechnology enables a nanoscale control of encapsulated materials. A better "isolation" of islet cells and external environment is essential for prolonging the survival time of islet cells. This review summarized the advantages and disadvantages of different nanotechnologies in encapsulating IT for the goals of prolonging the survival of islet cells, improving insulin secretion and boosting the efficacy of IT.
Islelet transplantation (IT) is an ideal treatment for type 1 diabetes. However, a large number of transplanted islet cells become lost due to immune responses and other reasons, resulting in a poor long-term efficacy of IT. Islet encapsulation is wrapping islet cells with semi-permeable materials for protecting insulin secretion function by islet cells, reducing islet cell apoptosis and minimizing immune responses. Nanotechnology enables a nanoscale control of encapsulated materials. A better "isolation" of islet cells and external environment is essential for prolonging the survival time of islet cells. This review summarized the advantages and disadvantages of different nanotechnologies in encapsulating IT for the goals of prolonging the survival of islet cells, improving insulin secretion and boosting the efficacy of IT.
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