腓骨肌萎缩症是最常见的一组遗传性周围神经病，临床特点包括对称性远端为主的肌无力伴萎缩、感觉减退以及弓形足、脊柱侧凸等骨骼畸形。临床上根据神经电生理、病理学和遗传学特点可分为多种亚型，基因检测手段有助于明确其致病基因。康复治疗、外科矫形手术治疗和改善症状的药物治疗有助于缓解疾病症状，减轻骨骼畸形。部分针对病因和发病机制的特异性治疗药物已进入临床试验阶段，其疗效和安全性有待进一步明确。 Charcot-Marie-Tooth diseases are a group of most common inherited peripheral neuropathies. The predominant clinical presentations include distal predominance of limb-muscle weakness and atrophy, and sensory loss, as well as skeletal deformities such as pes cavus and scoliosis. On the basis of electrophysiological studies, nerve pathology, and inheritance characteristics, Charcot-Marie-Tooth diseases are subdivided into several types. Genetic tests are helpful to identify the pathogenic genes. Rehabilitation, surgical treatment, and symptomatic drug therapy contribute to ameliorate symptoms and skeletal deformities. Some specific therapeutic drugs targeting pathogenesis have been tested in clinical trials, though their efficacy and safety require further investigation.
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth diseases are a group of most common inherited peripheral neuropathies. The predominant clinical presentations include distal predominance of limb-muscle weakness and atrophy, and sensory loss, as well as skeletal deformities such as pes cavus and scoliosis. On the basis of electrophysiological studies, nerve pathology, and inheritance characteristics, Charcot-Marie-Tooth diseases are subdivided into several types. Genetic tests are helpful to identify the pathogenic genes. Rehabilitation, surgical treatment, and symptomatic drug therapy contribute to ameliorate symptoms and skeletal deformities. Some specific therapeutic drugs targeting pathogenesis have been tested in clinical trials, though their efficacy and safety require further investigation.
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