A new modeling method and effect evaluation of common carotid artery stenosis in Bama mini-piglets
Objective To explore the establishment method of a new Bama mini-piglet common carotid artery stenosis model and to evaluate the effect of its model establishment(referred to as modeling).Methods Nine Guangxi Bama mini-piglets were used as the research subjects.Eight experimental pigs were fed with high-fat and high-salt diets before surgery.After 8 weeks of feeding,intra-carotid artery biopsy was performed under general anesthesia via the femoral artery approach.The stenosis model was established by clamping the tunica intima with intravascular biopsy forceps.After the operation,the pigs were fed with high-fat and high-salt diets;the other pig was a blank control pig.The body weight,blood total cholesterol(TC)and blood triglyceride(TG)of the experimental pigs were measured at the time of enrollment,after 8 weeks of feeding,and at the 6th,12th,18th and 24th week after surgery,and changes were observed.At the end of 24 weeks after surgery,digital subtraction angiography(DSA)was used to evaluate the stenosis formation of the experimental pig common carotid artery and measure the maximum stenosis rate of the blood vessel.Intravascular ultrasound(IVUS)and optical coherence tomography(OCT)were used to detect stenosis.The inside of the lumen was observed and the degree of obstruction of the vascular lumen and the area of intimal hyperplasia were measured.The tissue specimens of 9 mini-piglets were sacrificed for pathological examination to observe the intimal hyperplasia and pathological characteristics.Results After enrollment into the study,the body weight of the experimental pigs gradually increased(F=977.97,P＜0.001).TC and TG increased significantly at the end of the 8th week of feeding(both P＜0.05),and then tended to be stable.At the end of 24 weeks after surgery,DSA confirmed that all 8 experimental pig common carotid artery stenosis models were successfully constructed,with a maximum stenosis rate of(55.63±10.89)％.Both IVUS and OCT confirmed significant proliferation of the vascular intima at the stenosis.There was no statistically significant difference in the intimal hyperplasia area measured(6.84±1.14 mm2 and 7.13±1.27 mm2 respectively)and the degree of vascular lumen obstruction[(58.38±10.72)％and(59.88±9.36)％respectively](t values:-0.48 and-0.30 respectively;P values:0.641 and 0.770 respectively).Histopathological examination of the modeled blood vessels showed that the lumen stenosis was caused by the obvious proliferation of the vascular intima,and part of the internal elastic plate was broken.The hyperplastic intima was mainly composed of smooth muscle cells,collagen fibers and proteoglycan deposition,of which collagen fibers were significantly more than proteoglycans.Conclusions The Bama mini-piglets common carotid artery stenosis model can be successfully established by feeding high-fat and high-salt diets combined with intravascular biopsy forceps to injure the intima of the common carotid artery.The operation is relatively simple and safe.
Common carotid stenosisDisease modelsSwine,miniatureBiopsy forceps
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NSTL
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