摘要
目的 本研究旨在阐明新型冠状病毒疫情背景下鼻病毒感染患儿的临床特征,探讨新冠病毒近期感染史对其临床特征的影响.方法 收集2022年7月至2023年10月在杭州市儿童医院住院的经实验室确诊为鼻病毒检测阳性的286例患儿的临床资料、实验室检查结果;并回顾性调查所有研究对象在本次住院前6个月内是否曾有新冠病毒感染病史.结果 286例鼻病毒检测阳性患儿中,单纯鼻病毒阳性者180例(62.94％),合并其他病原体感染者106例(37.06％);180例单纯鼻病毒阳性患儿中,56.67％患儿出现喘息症状.其中15例(15/180,8.33％)患儿表现为哮喘急性发作;7例(7/180,3.88％)表现为重症肺炎.根据患儿在本次住院前6个月内有无新冠病毒感染病史,分为既往有新冠病毒感染组、既往无新冠病毒感染组.两组间在性别、发病年龄、发热高峰、喘息发生率、肺炎发生率、重症肺炎占比率、重度哮喘发作的占比率、发热持续时间、喘息缓解时间、住院时间、白细胞计数、嗜酸粒细胞计数、C反应蛋白、降钙素原、免疫球蛋白E、氧疗需求、静脉激素使用情况等方面均无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论 喘息发生率、肺炎发生率、重症肺炎占比率、重度哮喘发作的占比率近6个月内有新冠病毒感染病史并不会导致鼻病毒感染患儿的临床症状加重,亦不会增加其喘息发生率.
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to clarify the clinical characteristics of children infected with rhinovirus in the context of the Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic and to explore the impact of recent COVID-19 infection history on their clinical features.Methods Clinical data and laboratory test result of 286 children diagnosed with rhinovirus infection at Hangzhou Children's Hospital from July 2022 to October 2023 were collected.A retrospective survey was conducted to determine whether all study participants had a history of COVID-19 infection within the 6 months prior to hospitalization.Results Among the 286 children with rhinovirus infection,180(62.94％)had simple rhinovirus infection,while 106(37.06％)had co-infections with other pathogens;Among the 180 rhinovirus simplex-positive children,56.67％had wheezing symptoms;among them,15 cases(15/180,8.33％)were diagnosed with acute asthma attacks;7 cases(7/180,3.88％)were diagnosed with severe pneumonia.Based on whether the children had a history of COVID-19 infection in the 6 months prior to hospitalization,they were divided into a group with previous COVID-19 infection and a group without previous COVID-19 infection.There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender,age of onset,peak fever,incidence of wheezing,incidence of pneumonia,proportion of severe pneumonia,proportion of severe asthma attacks,duration of fever,time to relief of wheezing,length of stay,white blood cell count,eosinophil count,C-reactive protein,procalcitonin,immunoglobulin E,oxygen therapy requirements,and use of intravenous steroids(P＞0.05).Conclusions A history of COVID-19 infection in the past 6 months does not exacerbate the clinical symptoms of children with rhinovirus infection,nor does it increase the incidence of wheezing.
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