Effect of phycocyanin on pulmonary vascular remodeling in rats with monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension
Objective To investigate the mechanism of phycocyanin improving pulmonary vascular remodeling in rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH).Methods We randomly divided 30 male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats into 3 groups:normal control group,PAH group,and phycocyanin treatment group,with 10 rats in each group.The PAH model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of monocrotal-ine(MCT).The treatment group was given phycocyanin by gavage on the 15 th day.Effects on right ven-tricular systolic blood pressure(RVSP)and right ventricular hypertrophy index(RVHI)were examined.The changes of pulmonary vessels were examined by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)and Masson staining.The ex-pression of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1),nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB),B-cell lymphoma-2(bcl-2),cysteinyl aspartate-specific protease(Caspase)-3,α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)and prolifera-ting cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)was detected by Western blotting.The expression of α-SMA and PCNA was evaluated by immunofluorescence.Statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA.Results RVSP and RVHI in the treatment group were lower than in the PAH group[(24.60± 3.33)mmHg vs.(40.49±3.76)mmHg,F=140.998,P＜0.01;(32.23±2.99)％vs.(43.45± 3.10)％,F=90.774,P＜0.01].The percentage of pulmonary arteriole media thickness and media area decreased in the treatment group and pulmonary vascular collagen deposition decreased after treatment(0.579±0.013 vs.0.736±0.023,F=251.494,P＜0.01;0.574±0.063 vs.0.917±0.036,F=84.346,P＜0.05;(9.81±0.66)％vs.(23.23±2.05)％,F=294.181,P＜0.01).The expression levels of TGF-β1,bcl-2,α-SMA,PCNA and phosphorylated NF-κB(p-NF-κB)/NF-κB were suppressed whereas bcl-2 associated X protein(bax)and Caspase-3 were elevated in the treatment group(0.813±0.077 vs.1.097±0.056,F=75.485,P＜0.01;0.902±0.030 vs.1.231±0.123,F=52.224,P＜0.01;1.089±0.044 vs.1.283±0.049,F=85.388,P＜0.01;1.218±0.008 vs.1.673±0.139,F=33.825,P＜0.05;0.463±0.025 vs.0.875±0.013,F=447.19,P＜0.01;1.188±0.072 vs.0.738±0.048,F=63.635,P＜0.01;1.750±0.028 vs.1.432±0.017,F=31.684,P＜0.01).The fluorescence inten-sity of α-SMA and PCNA in the treatment group was lower than in the control group.Conclusion Phyco-cyanin alleviates pulmonary vascular remodeling of PAH in rats by inhibiting pulmonary vascular collagen deposition,reducing inflammatory factor expression,inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis.
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