Advancements in nanomaterials for intervertebral disc repair and treatment summary
Intervertebral disc degeneration(IVDD)is a common disease that leads to back and leg pain and chronic disability.It involves the degeneration of intervertebral disc structures,including changes in the nucleus pulpo-sus(NP),annulus fibrosus(AF),and cartilage endplate(CEP).As age increases,these parts may become dam-aged,leading to pain and functional impairment.In order to treat IVDD,researchers are exploring the use of nanoma-terials as a new therapeutic approach.This review aims to outline the application of different types of nanomaterials in IVDD targeted drug therapy and tissue repair.These nanomaterials,such as nanofibers,nanoparticles,and nanogels,can be used to deliver drugs,promoting the repair and regeneration of damaged intervertebral discs.These methods provide targeted treatment,reduce side effects,and are hoped to improve the treatment outcomes for IVDD patients.
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