Down-regulation of cell cycle exit and neuronal differentiation 1 in glioma:a potential indicator of tumor progression and poor prognosis
Objective To explore the expression of cell cycle exit and neuronal differentiation 1(CEND1)in glioma and its impact on the prognosis of glioma patients.Methods RNA sequencing data and corresponding clinical information for glioma and normal brain tissues were downloaded from The Canc-er Genome Atlas Program(TCGA)database.The mRNA expression of CEND1 in glioma and normal brain tissues,and the relationship between CEND1 high/low expression and prognosis of glioma patients were an-alyzed based on R V4.0.3.Western blotting,quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)and immunohistochemistry(IHC)were performed to evaluate the expression of CEND1 in 80 human glioma samples and 15 human normal brain samples.The t-test was used for comparison between groups,and ANOVA was used to compare among multiple groups.Results The TCGA public database analysis showed that the expression of CEND1 in glioma was lower than in the normal tissue(6.965±1.109 vs.7.728±1.085,t=12.37,P＜0.01),and CEND1 was down-regulated in grade 4 glioma compared to grade 2 and grade 3 gliomas(6.197±1.007 vs.7.302±1.019,7.094±1.041,t=10.60,8.57,P＜0.01).Survival analysis showed that the overall survival of patients with glioma in CEND1 high expression group was better than CEND1 low expression group[Hazard ratio(HR)=0.56,95％confidence interval(CI):0.43-0.72,P＜0.01].Western blotting indicated that the expression CEND1 protein was signifi-cantly lower in glioma tissue than normal brain tissue(NBT).Additionally,the expression of CEND1 protein decreased from grade 1 to grade 4 gliomas.The results of qPCR showed agreement with those of Western blotting(P＜0.05).The results of immunohistochemistry showed that compared with NBT,the expression of CEND1 protein in glioma tissue was significantly reduced.With the increase of glioma WHO grade,the expression of CEND1 decreased.Conclusion The down-regulation of CEND1 is related to tumor progress and poor prognosis of glioma.
Cell cycle exit and neuronal differentiation 1GliomaOverall survivalPrognosis
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
