Expression of programmed cell death 4 in liver cancer tissues and its clinical diagnostic value
Objective To investigate the expression of programmed cell death 4(PDCD4)in liver cancer tissues and its clinical diagnostic value.Methods Liver cancer tissues and adjacent tissues surgi-cally removed from June 2021 to June 2023 in our hospital were selected as the research objects.The dif-ferentially expressed proteins in liver cancer tissues were analyzed by proteomics.The expression levels of PDCD4 in adjacent tissues and liver cancer tissues were analyzed by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and Western blotting.The serum levels of tumor markers[carbohydrate antigen 199(CA199)and alpha fetal protein(AFP)]in patients with liver cancer were detected by automatic biochemi-cal analyzer.The relationship between the expression level of PDCD4 and the clinicopathological character-istics and prognosis of patients with liver cancer was analyzed,and the relationship between PDCD4 and tumor markers(CA199 and AFP)was analyzed.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was prepared to analyze the value of PDCD4 in the diagnosis of liver cancer.Measurement data conforming to normal distribution were compared using Independent Samples t test.Results The results of two-dimen-sional electrophoresis showed that 54 proteins were differentially expressed in liver cancer tissues and adja-cent tissues,among which 20 were up-regulated and 24 were down-regulated.The most significant down-regulated protein was PDCD4.The expression levels of PDCD4 protein and mRNA in liver cancer tissues(0.85±0.24,0.85±0.24)were significantly lower than those in adjacent tissues(1.57±0.29,1.06±0.26,t=18.710,17.460,P＜0.05).The expression levels of PD-L1 in moderately well-differentiated patients and patients without lymph node metastasis(1.09±0.16,1.17±0.23)were significantly higher than those in poorly differentiated patients and patients with lymph node metastasis(0.74±0.13,0.75±0.15,t=11.410,10.720,P＜0.05).The 3-year survival rate of patients with high expression of PD-L1[55.56％(30/54)]was significantly higher than that of patients with low expression[35.56％(16/45),LogRank=5.649,P＜0.05].The serum levels of CA199 and AFP in patients with high expression[(40.67±8.23)U/ml,(55.72±14.79)μg/L]were significantly lower than those in patients with low expression[(83.94±13.58)U/ml,(58.44±7.72)μg/L,t=11.570,6.990,P＜0.05].The area under the curve of PD-L1,CA199 and AFP combined diagnosis was 0.850(0.724-0.985),the sensitivity was 0.895,and the specificity was 0.879.Conclusion The expression of PD-L1 in tumor tissues of pa-tients with liver cancer is significantly down-regulated,which is related to the poor clinicopathological char-acteristics and prognosis of patients,and the combined detection of serum markers(CA199 and AFP)has a high value in the diagnosis of liver cancer.
Programmed cell death 4Liver cancerClinicopathological characteristicsPrognosisTumor marker
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