Organoid culture technologies and their applications in neuroblastoma
Organoids are a self-assembled,three-dimensional cellular aggregate that is cultivated from stem cells in vitro.These structures possess cellular diversity and intricate spatial morphology that closely resemble the stem cells found in various tissues and organs.Furthermore,they are capable of emulating certain functions and physiologi-cal responses of tissues and organs.Notably,organoids derived from patients exhibit a remarkable resemblance to the source tissues,thereby enabling the representation of patients'genetic heterogeneity,tissue structure,and molecular attributes.In recent years,there has been significant advancement in the field of organoid culture technology,which has emerged as a dependable preclinical disease model and drug screening platform for medical research.This technol-ogy has demonstrated immense potential and technical advantages in diverse areas of disease research.This paper pro-vides a comprehensive overview of the origins and advancements in organoid culture technology,encompassing the es-tablishment of this technology,the cellular sources utilized in organoid culture,the role of small molecular additives in facilitating organoid culture,and the diverse application scenarios of various organoid culture methods.In addition,the application of organoid culture technology in neuroblastoma research is reviewed.The organoid disease model will bring new hope for the basic and clinical research of neuroblastoma.
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