Expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors and the mechanism of promoting tumor occurrence and development
Objective To detect the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF)in pituitary adenomas(PAs)and its role and mechanism in tumor development.Methods Totally,20 pa-tients with PAs were enrolled in the Department of Neurosurgery,Tongji Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology from November 2021 to July 2022.The surgical specimens were collected from patients.The transcription and expression levels of MIF were detected in tumor tissues and pituitary adenoma cell lines(GH3,AtT20 and TtT/GF).Lentiviral transfection was used to construct stably transfected MIF overexpressing(oeMIF)and silenced(shMIF)cell lines.Scratch experiments,in vitro tissue tumor implantation models,and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)experiments were used to detect the effects of changes in MIF expression on cell migration,adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH)hormone secretion,tissue tumor invasion,and angiogenesis.Two-sample independent t-test was used to compare the two groups.Results The expression of MIF was significantly increased in patients with PAs(2.850±0.838 vs.1.065±0.435,t=3.565,P＜0.01).The expression of MIF was increased in pituitary adenoma cell lines(GH3:1.730±0.260 vs.1.001±0.091,t=5.957,P＜0.01;AtT20:1.853±0.108 vs.1.008±0.147,t=8.307,P＜0.01;TtT/GF:3.087±0.21 vs.1.008±0.147,t=15.430,P＜0.01).The scratch healing rate of pituitary adenoma cell line of oeMIF was higher than that of the control group(0.758±0.044 vs.0.581±0.045,t=4.903,P＜0.01),while that of shMIF pitui-tary adenoma cell line was lower than that of the control group(0.425±0.036 vs.0.581±0.045,t=4.689,P＜0.01).The number of junctions and branches of tumor angiogenesis in the shMIF group were significantly less than those in the control group(junctions:53.652±15.675 vs.35.304±10.218,t=4.703,P＜0.01;branches:35.913±6.721 vs.30.609±6.854,t=2.650,P＜0.05).The level of ACTH secreted by pituitary adenoma cell line of oeMIF was higher than that of control group(1.198±0.026 vs.1.000±0.077,t=4.863,P＜0.01)while the level of ACTH secreted by pituitary adenoma cell lines of shMIF was lower than that of the control group(0.845±0.034 vs.1.000±0.077,t=3.673,P＜0.05).Conclusion The expression of MIF increases in pituitary tumor tissues and cell lines,and MIF may promote the occurrence and development of PAs and the secretion of ACTH.
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