Expression and clinical significance of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C in human esophage-al cancer
Objective To investigate the expression pattern and clinical significance of heterogene-ous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C(HNRNPC)in human esophageal cancer tissues.Methods Using the the cancer genome atlas(TCGA)and GTEx publicdatabases,we analyzed the gene expression level of HNRNPC in esophageal cancer tissues and adjacent normal esophageal tissues,along with its correlation with other members of the m6A methyltransferase family.Tissue microarrays and multicolor fluorescence staining tech-niques were employed to compare the expression pattern of HNRNPC in 114 cases of esophageal cancer tis-sues and 64 cases of adjacent normal tissues,and also the correlation with clinical parameters and prognos-tic value.The expression levels and their correlation with clinical parameters were analyzed by using Wilcoxon rank sum test and chi square test,and survival analysis was performed using Log rank test and Cox proportional hazards model.Utilizing the TCGA and gene expression omnibus(GEO)databases,we analyzed the correlation between HNRNPC expression levels in esophageal cancer tissues and adjacent nor-mal tissues and immune infiltration.Results The analysis based on TCGA and GTEx data revealed a sig-nificant correlation between HNRNPC in esophageal cancer tissues and some m6A methyltransferase family members.Through multicolor fluorescence staining and imaging analysis,it was confirmed that the propor-tion of HNRNPC+epithelial cells in esophageal cancer tissues was significantly higher than in adjacent normal tissues(P＜0.01).The proportion of high expression of HNRNPC in male patients was significantly higher than that in female patients(x2=5.290,P＜0.05).Esophageal cancer patients with low HNRNPC expression trended a better overall survival(OS)than those with high expression(P＞0.05),and TCGA data further confirmed a significantly better OS of the patients with low expression of HNRNPC(P＜0.01).Functional enrichment analysis based on TCGA database confirmed that HNRNPC was mainly involved in biological processes such as nuclear division and chromosome separation.The gene expression level of HNRNPC in esophageal cancer tissues was correlated with the infiltration degree of some immune cell sub-groups.Conclusion The up-regulation of HNRNPC in esophageal cancer tissues suggests its involvement in the occurrence and development of esophageal cancer.
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