Expression and biological significance of cuprotosis factor ferredoxin 1 in hepatocellular carcinoma
Objective To investigate the expression of copper death factor ferredoxin 1(FDX1)in hepatocellular carcinoma and its relationship with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods 121 cases of primary liver cancer tissues and adjacent tissues treated in the first people's hospital of Shangqiu from September 2020 to December 2023 were se-lected as the research objects,and the expression levels of FDX1 mRNA and protein in adjacent tissues and liver cancer tissues were analyzed by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and West-ern blotting.The positive rates of FDX1,proliferation cell nuclear antigen(Ki-67)and focal adhesion ki-nase(FAK)in paracancerous tissues and liver cancer tissues were analyzed by immunohistochemistry.Ob-jective to analyze the relationship between FDX1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients with liver cancer.Correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between FDX1 and Ki-67 and FAK.Logistics regression analysis was used to analyze the main factors of poor prog-nosis of liver cancer.Results The expression levels of FDX1 mRNA and protein in HCC tissues(0.67±0.14,0.60±0.13)were significantly lower than those in adjacent tissues(1.03±0.16,0.90±0.18),and the difference was statistically significant(t=18.760,14.670,P＜0.05).Among 121 HCC tissues,28 cases were positive for FDX1,93 cases were negative,and the positive rate was 23.14％.Ki-67 was mainly localized in the nucleus,101 cases were Ki-67 positive,the positive rate was 83.47％;FAK was mainly localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus,and was positive in 90 cases,with a positive rate of 46.03％.The positive rate of FDX1 was inversely proportional to the positive rates of Ki-67 and FAK(r=-0.239,-0.159,P＜0.05).The positive rate of FDX1 in poorly differentiated patients[32.14％(9/28)]was significantly lower than that in moderately well differentiated patients[67.86％(19/28),x2=3.124,P＜0.05].The positive rate of FDX1 in stage Ⅲ+Ⅳ patients[21.43％(6/28)]was significant-ly lower than that in moderately well differentiated patients[78.57％(22/28),x2=6.417,P＜0.05].Patients with lymph node metastasis the positive rate[28.57％(8/28)]was significantly lower than that of patients with medium and high differentiation[71.43％(20/28),x2=5.144,P＜0.05].The positive rate of FDX1 in patients with tumor thrombus[39.29％(11/28)]was significantly lower than that of pa-tients with medium and high differentiation[60.71％(17/28)],and the difference was statistically signifi-cant(x2=4.159,P＜0.05).The positive rate of FDX1 in patients with satellite foci[25.00％(7/28)]was significantly lower than that in patients with medium to high differentiation[75.00％(21/28),x2=6.221,P＜0.05].The survival time of patients with FDX1 positive group[(21.52±5.46)months]was significantly higher than that of patients with FDX1 negative group[(8.62±2.47)months](log rank=10.249,P＜0.05).Poor differentiation,stage Ⅲ+Ⅳ,presence or absence of tumor thrombus,low ex-pression of FDX1,high expression of Ki-67,and high expression of FAK were the risk factors for prognosis of liver cancer(Wald value=5.140,6.124,5.552,4.216,4.012,3.895,P＜0.05).Conclusion The expression of copper death factor FDX1 is low in primary liver cancer,which is closely related to the degree of differentiation,lymph node metastasis,clinical stage and prognosis of liver cancer patients,and is involved in the proliferation and metastasis of liver cancer.
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