The effects of opsin 3 on apoptosis,migration,and invasion of bladder cancer T24 cells
Objective This study aims to investigate the impact of opsin 3(OPN3)on the apopto-sis,migration,and invasion of human bladder cancer T24 cells.Methods This study utilized bladder cancer data from the the cancer genome atlas(TCGA)database for bioinformatics analysis to evaluate the expression of OPN3 in bladder cancer patients and its potential impact on patient prognosis.The expression levels of OPN3 mRNA in bladder cancer samples and adjacent non-tumor tissues were detected using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR).Furthermore,the effects of OPN3 gene knockdown on apoptosis,proliferation,migration,and invasion capabilities of bladder cancer cells were investigated using flow cytometry,methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT)assays,and Transwell invasion assays.Independent samples t-test was employed for inter-group difference analysis.Results Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the expression of the OPN3 gene was significantly upregulated in bladder cancer patients,and high ex-pression of OPN3 was associated with poor prognosis,indicated by a hazard ratio(HR)of 1.38[95％con-fidence interval(CI):1.03 to 1.85],with a p-value less than 0.05.The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression level of OPN3 in bladder cancer tissues(2.35±0.26)was significantly higher than that in paired normal tissues(1.00±0.09),with a statistically significant difference(t=8.50,P＜0.05).Apoptosis assays indicated that the anti-apoptotic ability of T24 cells in the OPN3 knockdown group(Sh OPN3)was significantly reduced compared to the control group(Sh NC),with apoptosis rates of(15.23±1.42)％and(36.25±3.11)％,respectively,showing a significant difference(t=10.65,P＜0.05).MTT proliferation assay results showed that the proliferation rates of T24 cells in the Sh OPN3 group at 24,48,and 72 hours[(42.56±4.01)％,(52.33±3.68)％,(60.98±4.99)％]were significantly low-er than those in the Sh NC group[(50.23±5.12)％,(68.86±5.65)％,(88.25±7.56)％],with statisti-cally significant differences(t=2.04,4.25,5.21,P＜0.05).Transwell migration assay results showed that the migration ability of cells in the Sh OPN3 group[(49.86±4.23)cells]was significantly lower than that in the Sh NC group[(86.56±7.15)cells],with a statistically significant difference(t=7.65,P＜0.05).Transwell invasion assay results indicated that the invasion ability of cells in the Sh OPN3 group[(19.23±1.23)cells]was significantly lower than that in the Sh NC group[(40.23±3.09)cells],with a statistically significant difference(t=10.94,P＜0.05).Conclusion The OPN3 gene can reduce apoptosis in bladder cancer T24 cells and promote their proliferation,migration,and invasion.
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