Role of tumor-associated macrophages in renal cell carcinoma and progress of research thereon
Renal cell carcinoma(RCC)is one of the most common urological malignancies,and although tar-geted therapies and immunotherapies have been used to treat RCC for many years,the results have not been satisfacto-ry.Although the pathogenesis of RCC has been studied for many years,the mechanism remains unclear.Tumor-associ-ated macrophages(TAMs)are important inflammatory cells in the tumor microenvironment.TAMs are highly plastic,and different phenotypes of TAMs have different effects in the development of renal cell carcinoma.Meanwhile,the complex interactions between TAMs and other immune cells also seriously affect the therapeutic effects of renal cell car-cinoma.In this paper,we review the mechanisms by which TAMs promote tumor angiogenesis,invasion and metasta-sis,inhibit the body's immune effects on tumors and drug resistance,as well as new therapeutic strategies targeting TAMs,including inhibition of TAM recruitment and depletion,conversion of M2 TAMs to M1 TAMs,and new ad-vances in the use of TAMs as drug carriers.
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