摘要
嶺南不屬九州,是唐代新見的一種較爲另類的關於嶺南九州分野的言説,始倡者爲唐中葉名臣杜佑.杜佑以《禹貢》對九州的論述爲據,將物産貢賦、名山大川不見於《禹貢》的嶺南排除在九州之外,而杜佑反對向外擴張的邊疆保守主義,則是推動這一言説產生的最終原因.嶺南不屬九州説在唐代傳承不廣,宋代以降逐漸流傳,不過由於該説與時人通論及嶺南地方士人意識背道而馳,流傳範圍受到限制,在《尚書》或《禹貢》學著述中較爲流行,此外則接受較少.又該説在後世被接受,還得益於嶺南在《禹貢》五服中地處荒服,《禹貢》五服之要、荒二服常被認爲不屬九州.嶺南不屬九州説的誕生與流傳,顯示出中國古代分野知識生成與傳播紛繁複雜的一面.
Abstract
Du You,a famous minister of the middle Tang Dynasty,was the first to make the claim that the field allocation of the Lingnan was not part of the nine zhou.Lingnan was excluded from the nine zhou according to the exposition of the Yu Gong(《禹貢》),where its products as well as famous mountains and rivers were not recorded.Du's opposition to territorial expansion was the fundamental reason that drove this claim.Although not widely inherited in the Tang Dynasty,Du You's theory had become popular since the Song Dynasty,but because it was contrary to the general understanding and the consciousness of the local scholars in Lingnan,its spread was limited,and it was popular only in academic works on the Shang Shu(《尚書》)or the Yugong.The acceptance of this theory in later times was also related to the fact that Lingnan was located in the Huangfu(荒服)in the Wufu(五服)of the Yugong,which along with Yaofu(要服)was often considered not to be part of the nine zhou.The emergence and spread of the claim that Lingnan was not part of the nine zhou shows the complexity of the generation and dissemination of knowledge about field allocation in ancient China.
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