Monitoring and analysis of rodents and Hunnivirus in Yongxing Island,Sansha City,Hainan Province
Objective To understand the distribution of rodents and the prevalence of Hunnivirus in Yongxing Island,Sansha City,Hainan Province,so as to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of rodent-borne diseases.Methods In 2022,2023 and 2024,rats were captured in Yongxing Island,Sansha City,using the cage night trapping method,and the liver,lung,spleen and bladder were collected after classification and identification.Based on the results of viral metagenomic sequencing,RT-PCR was applied to detect Hunnivirus.The Chi-square test and Fisher's exact probability method were used to compare the differences in rodent density and composition ratio in different habitats,and the MEGA 11 software was used for sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis.Results A total of 671 effective rat cages were placed and 35 rodents were captured,with an overall rodent density of 5.22％.There were statistically significant differences in rodent density in different habitats(x2=1.466 3,df=3,P=0.690 1).A total of 36 tissue samples were tested,and two were positive for Hunnivirus,all of which were Rattus norvegicus.Phylogenetic analysis showed that the positive viral sequences were most closely related to the Hunnivirus sequences reported in Rattus norvegicus from New York City,USA(NrHuV/NYC-E21)and Rattus norvegicus from Guangdong,China(RatHuV/YY12/CHN),and shared a common origin with Hunnivirus sequences identified in cattle,sheep,and rodents.Conclusion There may be a risk of Hunnivirus transmission in Yongxing Island,Sansha City,Hainan Province.The virus's host includes cattle,rodents,and sheep,and cross-species transmission may occur between rodents and other animal species.Given the high rodent density in the area,continuous monitoring and the development of necessary prevention and control strategies are warranted.
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