Objective Evaluate the safety of the bioresorbable scaffold(BRS)series implanted.Methods This is a cohort study,which included 377 patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS)who underwent elective percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)with Neovas-BRS implantation from July 2019 to April 2022 at the Northern Command General Hospital.The patients were divided into the series BRS group(n=63)and single BRS group(n=314).We compared PCI related data between two groups,as well as all-cause death,cardiac death,non-fatal myocardial infarction,target vessel revascularization,stroke,and bleeding of type 2 to 5 defined by the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium of America(BARC)during follow-up.We also compared the major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events(MACCE),which includes all-cause death,non-fatal myocardial infarction,target vessel revascularization and stroke,as well as the net adverse clinical events(NACE),which includes MACCE and bleeding of BARC type 2 to 5.Procedural immediate success was defined as a residual stenosis of＜20％with successful stent implantation and post-PCI target vessel flow grade up to TIMI 3.The images of 11 patients in the series BRS group who underwent optical coherence tomography(OCT)were analyzed.Results A total of 377 patients were finally enrolled,aged(52.5±10.7)years,including 80.4％(303/377)males.The immediate success rate of PCI was 100％in both groups.The number of ≥50％stenotic lesions,number of target vessels,SYNTAX score,number of post-application expansion balloons,number of guidewires,total stent length,contrast volume and operation time were higher in the series BRS group than in the single BRS group(all P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the proportion of intravascular ultrasound and OCT application between the two groups.One patient in the single BRS group had an ischemic stroke during postoperative hospitalization,but there were no death,non-fatal myocardial infarction,target vessel revascularization,or BARC 2 to 5 bleeding events occurred during hospitalization in both groups.Follow up time was 352.0(193.0,421.0)days.There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the incidence of all-cause death(0 vs.0.6％(2/314),P=1.000),cardiogenic death(0 vs.0.3％(1/314),P=1.000),nonfatal myocardial infarction(0 vs.1.0％(3/314),P=1.000),target lesion revascularization(3.2％(2/63)vs.1.6％(5/314),P=0.736),BARC type 2 to 5 bleeding(3.2％(2/63)vs.5.7％(18/314),P=0.604),MACCE(3.2％(2/63)vs.2.9％(9/314),P=0.894),and NACE(6.3％(4/63)vs.8.6％(27/314),P=0.553)during the follow-up period.OCT results of the 11(17.5％)patients in the series BRS group indicated that 3 patients(27.3％)achieved non-overlapping connection,and the immediate stent expansion rate was(95.47±0.04)％.In 8 patients with BRS overlapping connections,immediate stent expansion rate was(90.32±0.44)％.Conclusion In patients with low to intermediate-risk ACS,serial implantation of RBS in long coronary lesions is safe and feasible,and achieves the similar short-term outcomes as single BRS implantation.
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