Objectives To assess the efficacy of cord blood-assisted haploid peripheral blood stem cell transplantation(haplo-cord-PBSCT)versus unrelated donor peripheral blood stem cell transplantation(UD-PBSCT)in the treatment of malignant hematological diseases.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on one hundred and four patients with malignant hematological diseases who underwent haplo-cord-PBSCT and fifty-two patients who underwent UD-PBSCT at Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between January 2016 and December 2021.Results ①The median implantation time for neutrophils in the haplo-cord-PBSCT and UD-PBSCT groups was 13(9-22)days and 13(10-24)days,respectively(P=0.834),whereas the median implantation time for platelets was 15(7-103)days and 14(8-38)days,respectively(P=0.816).The cumulative implantation rate of neutrophils at 30 days after transplantation in the haplo-cord-PBSCT group and the UD-PBSCT group was 100％(P=0.314),and the cumulative platelet implantation rate at 100 days after transplantation was 95.2％(95％CI 88.3％-98.1％)and 100％(P=0.927),respectively.30 days after transplantation,both groups of patients achieved complete donor chimerism,and no umbilical cord blood stem cells were implanted.② The cumulative incidence rates of grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ acute GVHD within 100 days after transplantation in the haplo-cord-PBSCT group and the UD-PBSCT group were 29.1％(95％CI20.1％-38.1％)and 28.8％(95％CI17.2％-41.6％(P=0.965),respectively.The cumulative incidence rates of grade Ⅲ/Ⅳ acute GVHD were 7.8％(95％CI3.6％-14.0％)and9.6％(95％CI3.5％-19.5％)(P=0.725).The cumulative incidence rates of 2-year chronic GVHD in the haplo-cord-PBSCT group and the UD-PBSCT group were 45.3％(95％CI 36.1％-56.1％)and 35.1％(95％CI 21.6％-44.1％),respectively(P=0.237).The cumulative incidence rates of severe chronic GVHD at 2 years after transplantation were 13.6％(95％CI 7.6％-21.3％)and 12.9％(95％CI 5.1％-24.3％),respectively(P=0.840).③ The 2-year CIR after transplantation in the haplo-cord-PBSCT group and UD-PBSCT group were 12.8％(95％CI 7.0％-20.5％)and 10.0％(95％CI3.6％-20.2％),respectively(P=0.341),and the NRM were 14.7％(95％CI8.4％-22.6％)and 16.2％(95％CI7.4％-28.0％),respectively(P=0.681).④The 2-year OS rates in the haplo-cord-PBSCT and UD-PBSCT groups after transplantation were 82.2％(95％CI 74.8％-90.3％)and 75.5％(95％CI64.2％-88.7％),respectively(P=0.276).The 2-year DFS rates were 69.9％(95％CI 61.2％-79.8％)and 73.8％(95％CI 62.4％-87.3％),respectively(P=0.551).The 2-year rates of GVHD-free/recurrence-free survival(GRFS)were 55.3％(95％CI 44.8％-64.8％)and 64.7％(95％CI 52.8％-79.3％),respectively(P=0.284).Conclusion The findings of this study indicate that haplo-cord-PBSCT and UD-PBSCT have comparable efficacy and safety in the treatment of malignant hematological diseases and can be used as an alternative treatment options.
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维普
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