Objective To analyze the epidemiological distribution characteristics,influencing factors,and infection rates of pertussis in the population of Henan Province.Methods From 2022 to 2023,a cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the permanent population in Henan Province.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect anti-pertussis toxin IgG(PT-IgG),analyze the antibody positivity rate(≥20 IU/ml)and median concentration(MC),and estimate the pertussis infection rate based on PT IgG ≥40 IU/ml.The rank sum test was used to compare antibody levels among groups,and the x2 test was used to compare antibody positive rates and infection rates among groups.Results A total of 4 810 research subjects were included in this study.The overall positive rate of PT-IgG was 12.10％and MC was 3.04(0.35,10.36)IU/ml.There were significant differences both in positive rates and antibody levels of PT-IgG among different regions or age groups(region positive rate:x2=134.06,P＜0.001,MC:H=337.74,P＜0.001;age group positive rate:x2=45.27,P＜0.001,MC:H=134.49,P＜0.001).Both the positive rate of PT-IgG(25.26％)and MC(8.01 IU/ml)were the highest within one year after completing a full course of vaccination.There were significant differences in positive rates and antibody levels among people receiving different types of pertussis vaccines(positive rate:x2=12.38,P=0.006,MC:H=17.93,P＜0.001).The antibody positivity rate(35.71％)and MC(8.88 IU/ml)of the people who received cell-free pertussis inactivated poliomyelitis influenza type b(combined)vaccine throughout the course were higher than those who received other types of vaccines.The natural infection rate of pertussis was evaluated for individuals aged≥3 years who had no history of pertussis vaccine immunization within the year prior to sampling.With a high vaccination rate,the estimated infection rate of pertussis in the population was 5 757.22/100 000.The infection rates in the 3-year-old(1 940.16/100 000)and 4-year-old(1 765.68/100 000)populations were at a low level among the entire population,reaching their peak at the age of 6(12 656.71/100 000).Subsequently,although the infection rate continued to decline,it remained at a high level and peaked again at the age of 40-49 years(8 740.39/100 000).There was a statistically significant difference in the estimated infection rate of pertussis among different age groups(x2=53.21,P＜0.001).Conclusion The PT-IgG level of pertussis in the population of Henan Province is generally at a low level.The estimated infection rate of pertussis is much higher than the reported incidence rate.A booster dose of pertussis vaccine is recommended at 6 years old.
维普
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