摘要
上斜肌颤搐(SOM)是一种罕见的单眼疾病，临床以高频、低幅及间歇的眼球震颤为特征，表现为振动幻视和垂直复视，但其发病机理尚不明确，不同学者提出不同假说，包括神经压迫假说和创伤后异常再生假说等。目前，国内对SOM研究极少，故笔者就该病的流行病学特点、发病诱因、临床表现、疾病体征、鉴别诊断及治疗方案进行综述，以增加临床眼科医师对该病的认知，减少漏诊与误诊。
Abstract
Superior oblique myokymia (SOM) is a rare monocular disorder. It is clinically characterised by high-frequency, low-amplitude, intermittent rotational nystagmus, as well as oscillopsia and vertical diplopia, but its exact pathogenesis is still unclear, and various scholars have proposed different hypotheses, including the nerve compression hypothesis and the post-traumatic abnormal regeneration hypothesis. At present, there are few studies on SOM in China. Therefore, the epidemiological features, aetiological factors, clinical manifestations, disease signs and differential diagnosis of the disease, as well as a treatment options were reviewed, which to improve clinical ophthalmologists′ knowledge of the disease and reducing underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis.
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