摘要
眼缺血综合征是因颈内动脉狭窄或闭塞引起慢性缺血性和致盲性眼病。眼缺血综合征的眼前节临床表现主要有眼肌麻痹、上睑下垂、结膜水肿、角膜溃疡、角膜水肿、新生血管性青光眼、虹膜炎及不对称性白内障等；眼后节临床表现主要有视网膜动脉变细、视网膜静脉扩张而不迂曲、中周部视网膜出血、视网膜棉絮斑、微动脉瘤、新生血管形成、玻璃体积血及黄斑樱桃红斑点等。眼缺血综合征的临床表现复杂多样不典型，且早期症状不明显。因此，临床上眼缺血综合征的漏诊和误诊率较高。本文中笔者对该病流行病学、临床表现、诊断与鉴别诊断、辅助检查、治疗及预后的最新研究进展进行综述。
Abstract
Ocular ischemic syndrome is a chronic ischemic and blinding eye disease caused by stenosis or occlusion of the internal carotid artery. The clinical manifestations of anterior segment of ocular ischemic syndrome mainly included ophthalmoplegia, ptosis, conjunctival edema, corneal ulcer, corneal edema, neovascular glaucoma, iritis and asymmetric cataract; the posterior segment signs exhibited narrowed retinal arterioles, dilated retinal veins without tortuosity, peripheral retinal hemorrhages, cotton-wool spots, microaneurysms, retinal neovascularization, vitreous hemorrhage and cherry-red spot at the macula lutea, etc. Ocular ischemic syndrome was easily undiagnosed or misdiagnosed due to the asymptomatic onset and complicated ocular manifestations; in additon, the symptoms at the early stage of this diseaseare not obvious. The progress of the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, auxiliary examination, treatment and prognosis of this disease were reviewed in this paper.
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