日本安政霍乱大流行时期（1858—1860），汉方医并河济民发现使用巴豆治疗霍乱疗效显著，浪华某位医者发现鲊荅（走兽、牲畜的内脏结石）对霍乱也有显著效果。此后，伊予国小松藩藩医和尔子让听说了并河济民对巴豆的运用，兴法府医官马杉质也听闻了浪华医者的事迹。和尔子让在临证治疗中对巴豆进行试验，马杉质也验证了鲊荅的疗效。二人各自结合中医古代典籍，运用中医学理论阐释巴豆、鲊荅治疗霍乱的功效，将之视作霍乱“特效药”进行应用，并予以推广。和尔子让以巴豆为霍乱“特效药”的观点受到当时日本汉方医学界的关注。马杉质推广鲊荅的后续，由于缺乏资料暂不可考。 Japanese Kampo medicine (medicine with Han Fang) was found effective to treat some epidemic diseases.Historical records show that Namikawa Saimin, a Kampo medicine (Han Fang Medicine) practitioner during the cholera pandemic in the period of Ansei in Japan (1858-1860), discovered that the treatment effect of croton fruit against cholera was remarkable. Another physician in Naniwa also found that satou (Zhǎ Dá, visceral stones of animals and livestock) had the same effect in treating cholera. Subsequently, Wani Tadatane, an official physician in Komatsu Han of Iyo Province, learned about Namikawa Saimin and the use of croton fruit, and a medical officer in Kohofu, Masugi Fuminori, also heard of the story of the physician from Naniwa. Wani Tadatane and Masugi Fuminori verified the effect of croton fruit and satou on cholera treatment respectively. They regarded these two medical materials as the 'specific drugs' for cholera treatment by drawing on the interpretation and understanding of traditional Chinese medicine in terms of the efficacy of these two drugs. In this sense, croton fruit as a 'specific drug' for cholera treatment was widely accepted in the Kampo medical field (Han medicine area in Japan). The development of the use of satou by Masugi Fuminori could not be traced back because of the lack of historical records.
Abstract
Japanese Kampo medicine (medicine with Han Fang) was found effective to treat some epidemic diseases.Historical records show that Namikawa Saimin, a Kampo medicine (Han Fang Medicine) practitioner during the cholera pandemic in the period of Ansei in Japan (1858-1860), discovered that the treatment effect of croton fruit against cholera was remarkable. Another physician in Naniwa also found that satou (Zhǎ Dá, visceral stones of animals and livestock) had the same effect in treating cholera. Subsequently, Wani Tadatane, an official physician in Komatsu Han of Iyo Province, learned about Namikawa Saimin and the use of croton fruit, and a medical officer in Kohofu, Masugi Fuminori, also heard of the story of the physician from Naniwa. Wani Tadatane and Masugi Fuminori verified the effect of croton fruit and satou on cholera treatment respectively. They regarded these two medical materials as the 'specific drugs' for cholera treatment by drawing on the interpretation and understanding of traditional Chinese medicine in terms of the efficacy of these two drugs. In this sense, croton fruit as a 'specific drug' for cholera treatment was widely accepted in the Kampo medical field (Han medicine area in Japan). The development of the use of satou by Masugi Fuminori could not be traced back because of the lack of historical records.
关键词
江户时代/汉方医学/霍乱/知识史
Key words
Edo period/Kampo medicine/cholera/history of knowledge
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基金项目
国家社会科学基金重大项目(20&ZD222)
中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CI2021A00402)
Major Project of National Social Science Fund of China(20&ZD222)
Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(CI2021A00402)
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