外泌体是细胞间进行信息通信交流的一种纳米级细胞外囊泡结构，其携带的多种生物活性分子的成分和含量根据起源细胞和受体细胞而变化，因此，外泌体可作为生物标志物进行测定。神经退行性疾病是一种起病隐匿的疾病，早期筛查和准确诊断无疑是降低其死亡率和提高治愈率的可靠保证。外泌体作为近几年的研究热点，依靠自身所具有的运输能力和内容物对于疾病的诊断治疗存在着巨大潜能，并且在丰度、稳定性、多样性和获取性方面具有显著优势。该文旨在讨论外泌体作为神经退行性疾病早期诊断的潜在候选者，从而阐述其应用的全新领域，以期为临床预测、治疗提供更加丰富的视角。 Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicle structures that communicate and exchange information between cells. They carry a variety of biologically active molecules whose compositions and contents vary according to the origin and recipient cells. Therefore, exosomes can be used as biomarkers. Neurodegenerative diseases are diseases with hidden onset, so early screening and accurate diagnosis is undoubtedly a reliable guarantee to reduce their mortality and increase the cure rate. Exosomes, as a research hotspot in recent years, have great potential for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases given their transport capacity and contents, and have significant advantages in abundance, stability, diversity and accessibility. The purpose of this paper is to discuss exosomes as potential candidates for early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases, and thus to elaborate new fields of their application, with a view to providing a richer perspective for clinical prediction and treatment.
Clinical application of exosomes in common neurodegenerative diseases
Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicle structures that communicate and exchange information between cells. They carry a variety of biologically active molecules whose compositions and contents vary according to the origin and recipient cells. Therefore, exosomes can be used as biomarkers. Neurodegenerative diseases are diseases with hidden onset, so early screening and accurate diagnosis is undoubtedly a reliable guarantee to reduce their mortality and increase the cure rate. Exosomes, as a research hotspot in recent years, have great potential for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases given their transport capacity and contents, and have significant advantages in abundance, stability, diversity and accessibility. The purpose of this paper is to discuss exosomes as potential candidates for early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases, and thus to elaborate new fields of their application, with a view to providing a richer perspective for clinical prediction and treatment.
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