Pathogenic bacteria and their risk factors of secondary pulmonary infection in patients with craniocerebral injuries
OBJECTIVE To analyze pathogenic bacteria and their risk factors for secondary pulmonary infection in patients with craniocerebral injuries.METHODS Totally 188 patients diagnosed with craniocerebral injury in Xin-yang Central Hospital from May 2020 to Jul.2022 were selected as the study subjects.82 patients who developed pulmonary infection after 48 hours of admission were set as the infection group,and 106 patients who did not de-veloped pulmonary infection were set as the non-infection group.According to the number of detected pathogenic bacteria species,the patients in the infection group were divided into two subgroups,i.e.,50 patients in the mo-nomicrobial infection group and 32 patients in the multiple pathogenic bacteria(plural bacteria)infection group.The difference in clinical data between non-infection group and infection group,and between monomicrobial infec-tion group and multiple pathogenic bacteria infection group were compared,and the risk factors of pulmonary in-fection in patients with craniocerebral injuries were summarized.RESULTS Tracheotomy and mild hypothermia were the risk factors of secondary pulmonary infection in patients with craniocerebral injury(P＜0.05).Subgroup analysis showed that pulmonary contusion and hospitalization time before infection were the risk factors of plural bacterial infections(P＜0.05).Gram-negative bacteria were the main pathogens in monomicrobial guoup and plu-ral bacterial group,and were dominated by Acinetobacter baumannii,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was not detected in monomicrobial group,and 5 trains of Stenotroph-omonas maltophilia were detected in plural bacterial group.The proportion of patients with carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp and extensively drug-resistant gram-negative bacteria detected in the plural bacterial group was higher than that in the monomicrobial group(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION Tracheotomy and mild hypothermia were risk factors for pulmonary infections in patients with craniocerebral injuries.Hospitalization time before infection and lung contusion were risk factors for plural bacterial infections.Antibiotics should be rationally selected in com-bination with the risk factors for plural bacterial infections and the characteristics of pathogenic bacteria.
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