摘要
目的 分析食管异物临床特征及穿孔相关危险因素.方法 回顾性收集2018年2月至2023年2月漳州市第二医院收治的食管异物患者806例,依据穿孔情况分为穿孔组(68例)、未穿孔组(738例)两组,通过多因素Logistic回归分析发生穿孔相关危险因素.结果 两组患者的性别、异物长径、异物种类中枣核、食物团块比例、异物类型、嵌顿部位、食管或颈胸部疾病之间的差异均不显著(P＞0.05).穿孔组患者的年龄大于未穿孔组(P＜0.05),其中≤45岁、46～64岁比例均低于未穿孔组,≥65岁比例高于未穿孔组(P＜0.05);嵌顿时间≤5h、6～7h比例均低于未穿孔组,≥ 8 h比例高于未穿孔组(P＜0.05).穿孔相关危险因素包括异物长径、嵌顿时间≥ 8 h、嵌顿部位为食管中段(P＜0.05),不包括嵌顿时间6～7h、嵌顿部位为食管下段(P＜0.05).结论 食管异物的高发人群为老年人,骨头、枣核是主要异物,穿孔相关危险因素包括异物长径、嵌顿时间≥8 h、嵌顿部位为食管中段.
Abstract
Objective To analyze the clinical features and perforation-related risk factors of esophageal foreign bodies.Methods 806 patients with esophageal foreign bodies in our hospital from February 2018 to February 2023 were retrospectively selected and divided into two groups according to perforation(68 cases)and unperforated(738 cases).Analysis of perforation related risk factors were conducted by multivariate Logistic anal-ysis.Results There were no significant differences between the two groups in gender,length diameter of foreign body,date pit in foreign body type,proportion of food mass,foreign body type,impinged site,and esophageal or cervicothoracic diseases(P＞0.05).In the perforated group,the age of patients was higher than that in the non-perfo-rated group(P＜0.05),the proportion of ≤ 45 years old and 46～64 years old was lower than those in the non-per-forated group,the proportion of ≥ 65 years old was higher than that in the non-perforated group(P＜0.05),the pro-portion of incarceration time ≤ 5 h and 6～7 h was lower than those of the non-perforated group,the proportion of incarceration time ≥ 8 h was higher than that of the non-perforated group(P＜0.05).The risk factors related to per-foration included the length of the foreign body,the incarceration time ≥ 8 h,and the incarceration site in the middle of the esophagus(P＜0.05),excluding the incarceration time 6～7 h and the incarceration site in the lower esophagus(P＞0.05).Conclusion The high incidence of esophageal foreign bodies is in the elderly,and bone and date stone are the main foreign bodies.The risk factors related to perforation include the length of foreign bodies,the incarcera-tion time ≥ 8 h,and the incarceration site in the middle of the esophagus.
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