Objective To investigate the clinical effect of interlocking intramedullary nail-internal fixation on patients with proximal humerus fractures and the clinical effect on the recovery of shoulder joint.Methods The observation subjects of this study were 116 patients with proximal humerus fracture admitted to Jinsha County People's Hospital from January 2023 to January 2024.The cases were grouped by random number table method.58 patients treated with locking plate internal fixation after grouping were included in the control group,and 58 pa-tients treated with interlocking intramedullary nail internal fixation were included in the observation group.Periop-erative indexes,shoulder joint function,pain stress response,and complication rate were compared between the two groups.Results The amount of blood loss in the observation group was less than that in the control group,and the length of incision,operation time,and fracture healing time were shorter in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the Neer shoulder function score of observation group was higher than that of control group(P<0.05).Visual pain analogue score(VAS),Substance P(SP),and prostaglandin E2(PGE2)were all lower in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of complications in observation group was lower than that in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The effect of interlocking intramedullary nail-based internal fixation on proximal humerus fracture is significant,which can not only effectively improve perioperative indexes,but also promote the recovery of shoulder joint function,reduce the postoperative pain stress response,and reduce the incidence of complications.