Analysis of Factors Affecting the Nutritional Status of Elderly Patients with Schizophrenia
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作者信息
1. 361009 福建厦门,厦门市仙岳医院精神卫生部
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摘要
目的 探讨分析影响老年精神分裂症患者营养状况的因素.方法 纳入2021年11月至2023年11月厦门市仙岳医院收治的60岁以上精神分裂症患者406例,应用老年人微型营养评估量表(Mini-nutritional Assessment,MNA)评估患者营养状态,应用住院患者护理观察量表(Nurses'Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation,NOSIE)及阳性与阴性症状量表(Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale,PANSS)来评估患者现患精神疾病的严重程度,应用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析法对影响老年精神分裂症患者营养状况的因素进行分析.结果 根据营养状况将患者分为三组(营养正常、营养不良风险、营养不良),三组患者在性别、家族史、联合用药情况上无明显差异;三组年龄、病程、体质量指数(Body Mass Index,BMI)、住院时间、NOSIE和PANSS评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).通过多因素Logistic回归分析,年龄、病程、住院时间、NOSIE和PANSS评分是影响营养状况的主要因素(P＜0.05).结论 老年精神分裂症患者极易发生营养不良,影响其营养状况的因素较多,需更加重视对患者的营养筛查和特定健康教育,并根据患者临床实际情况采取不同的营养干预方案,避免出现进一步的健康问题.
Abstract
Objective To explore and analyze the factors affecting the nutritional status of elderly patients with schizophrenia.Methods Patients with schizophrenia over 60 years of age admitted to the Department of Mental Health of Xiamen Xianyue Hospital from November 2021 to November 2023 were included,and the medi-cal records of 406 eligible cases were collected to assess the nutritional status of the patients by applying the Micro Nutritional Assessment for the Elderly(MNA)Scale,the Inpatient Nursing Observation Inventory(NOSIE)and Positive and Negative Symptom Scale(PANSS),and the severity of current mental illness.The severity of current mental illness was assessed,and the factors affecting the nutritional status of elderly patients with schizophrenia were analysed by applying unifactorial and multifactorial logistic regression analyses.Results There were no significant differences between the three groups of patients grouped according to nutritional factors in terms of gender,family history,and co-medication;age,duration of illness,body mass(BMI),length of hospital stay,and NNOSIE and PANSS scores were compared between the three groups,and the differences were statistically sig-nificant(P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age,course of disease,length of hospital stay,NOSIE,and PANSS scores were the main factors affecting nutritional status(P＜0.05).Conclusion Elderly schizophrenia is highly prone to malnutrition,and there are many factors that affect their nutritional status.There-fore,more attention should be paid to nutritional screening and specific health education for patients,and different nutritional intervention plans should be adopted according to the actual clinical situation of patients to avoid further health problems.
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