Objective To investigate the risk factors of adverse improvement for postoperative olfactory dysfunction in patients with chronic sinusitis treated by nasal endoscopic surgery to provide reference for follow-up clinical prevention and treatment.Methods 131 patients with chronic sinusitis treated by nasal endoscopic surgery in our hospital from June 2021 to June 2023 were retrospectively included.They were divided into good group and poor group according to the improvement effect of postoperative olfactory dysfunction.Univariate and multivariate methods were used to evaluate the independent risk factors of poor improvement of olfactory dysfunction after endoscopic sinus surgery.Results There were 43 cases with poor improvement in olfactory dysfunction in all 131 patients with chronic sinusitis treated by nasal endoscopic surgery in our hospital and the poor rate was 32.82%.The results of univariate analysis showed that history of allergic disease,nasal polyps,long-term decongestant treatment and postoperative compliance may be related to the improvement of postoperative olfactory dysfunction in patients with chronic sinusitis treated by nasal endoscopic surgery(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that allergic disease history,nasal polyps,long-term decongestant treatment and non-compliance were independent risk factors for poor improvement of olfactory dysfunction after endoscopic sinus surgery(P<0.05).Conclusion Pa-tients with chronic sinusitis with history of allergic disease,complicated with nasal polyps,long-term decongestant treatment,and no postoperative treatment had worse improvement effect on olfactory disturbance after nasal endoscopic surgery.