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脑机接口技术侦查适用的法律规制前瞻

The Prospect of Legal Rules Applicable to the Investigation of Brain-Computer Interface Technology

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脑机接口技术具有的"读心"功能,契合犯罪侦查的实践需求,其侦查适用将成为可能.作为新型技术侦查措施,脑机接口技术对行为人隐私权益影响重大,其适用必须严格遵循法定原则、比例原则及程序正当原则.原则上而言,只有严重危害社会的犯罪嫌疑人、被告人,才能够适用脑机接口技术侦查,并且需要满足证据指向的确定性和手段选用的不得已性两项要求.在适用程序上,应贯彻"审""执"分离.适用脑机接口技术获取的信息资料仅限于侦查、起诉、审判使用,不得另作他途.对于违法适用该项技术的,应当承当相应的法律责任.为了回应脑机接口技术的侦查适用,现行证据制度、准自首制度亦需作相应调整.
The"mind-reading"capability of brain-computer interface(BCI)technology aligns with the practical needs of criminal investigation,and its application in investigations is becoming a near reality.As a new technical investigation measure,BCI technology has a great impact on the privacy rights of individuals,and its application must follow the legal principles,proportionality and procedural justice.In principle,BCI technology should only be used in investigations involving suspects or defendants who pose a serious threat to society,requiring both certainty in evidence direction and necessity in method selection.In the application procedure,the separation of"examination"and"execution"should be implemented.Information obtained by BCI technology should be limited to investigation,prosecution and trial purposes,and must not be used for other purposes.Those who illegally apply this technology should bear corresponding legal responsibilities.To respond to the investigative application of BCI technology,the existing evidence system and voluntary surrender systems also need to be adjusted accordingly.

BCI TechnologyCriminal InvestigationValue ComplianceSystem Construction

黄小龙、陈欣雨、李学峰

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南华大学经济管理与法学学院

脑机接口技术 犯罪侦查 价值遵循 制度构建

国家重点研发计划重点专项湖南省教育厅重点项目湖南省社会科学成果评审委员会一般项目

2020YFC08324002023A0230XSP24YBC190

2024

公安学刊-浙江警察学院学报
浙江警察学院 浙江省警察协会 浙江省刑事犯罪学学会 浙江省青少年犯罪研究会

公安学刊-浙江警察学院学报

影响因子:0.21
ISSN:1674-3040
年,卷(期):2024.(3)
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