摘要
采用溶剂热法制备磁性四氧化三铁(Fe3O4)纳米粒子,随后利用改进的溶胶-凝胶法制备四氧化三铁与二氧化硅复合纳米粒子(Fe3O4@SiO2),再以聚乳酸(PLA)为基体,通过熔融共混工艺制备Fe3O4@SiO2/PLA共混材料.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、万能拉伸试验机、熔体流动速率仪(MFR)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)等对共混材料的形貌、结晶结构、热性能、力学性能、熔体流动速率和磁性能进行表征分析.结果表明:添加量为1％(以质量分数计)的Fe3O4@SiO2纳米粒子可在PLA基体中均匀分散,与基体有良好的界面相容性.相比于纯PLA,Fe3O4@SiO2/PLA共混材料的热性能变化不大,当Fe3O4@SiO2的添加量为1％时,共混材料的结晶度最大.随着Fe3O4@SiO2质量分数的增加,共混材料的拉伸强度呈先增加后下降的趋势,而断裂伸长率没有明显变化.在同一温度下,Fe3O4@SiO2/PLA共混材料的熔体流动速率明显增加,熔融指数大于150 g/(10 min),流动性较好,能满足熔喷加工可纺性的要求.另外,Fe3O4@SiO2/PLA共混材料的饱和磁化强度会随着Fe3O4@SiO2质量分数的增加逐渐增加.研究结果可为开发熔喷非织造布用磁性Fe3O4@SiO2/PLA共混材料提供理论依据.
Abstract
After ferric oxide(Fe3O4)nanoparticles were prepared by solvothermal method,Fe3O4@SiO2 particles were followingly synthesized by the improved the sol-gel method,and with PLA as the matrix,Fe3O4@SiO2/PLA blends were finally prepared by melt blending.The morphology,crystalline structure,thermal property,mechanical property,melt flow rate and magnetic properties of the blends were investigated by using scanning electron microscope(SEM),X-ray diffractometer(XRD),differential scanning calorimeter(DSC),universal tensile testing machine,melt flow rate meter(MFR)and vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM).The results showed that when the mass fraction of Fe3O4@SiO2 particles was 1％,they could uniformly disperse in PLA matrix and had good interfacial compatibility with the PLA matrix Compared with pure PLA,the the thermal property of the Fe3O4@SiO2/PLA blends changed insignificantly.When the mass fraction of Fe3O4@SiO2 was 1％,the crystalline degree of the Fe3O4@SiO2/PLA blends was the highest.With the increase of Fe3O4@SiO2 mass fraction,the tensile strength of the blend first increased and then decreased,while the elongation at break of the blends had no obvious change.At the same temperature,the melt flow of the blends increased significantly,the melt flow index was greater than 150 g/(10 min)and the fluidity became batter,which meets the spinnability requirements of the blends in the melt-blowout process.In addition,the magnetic saturation strength of the Fe3O4@SiO2/PLA blends gradually increased with the increase of the mass fraction of Fe3O4@SiO2.The research findings can provide a theoretical basis for the subsequent development of Fe3O4@SiO2/PLA melt-blown nonwoven materials.
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