Removal methods and molecular mechanisms of artificial sweeteners in the environment
Artificial sweeteners,also known as sugar substitutes,constitute a newly synthesized class of environmental pollutants.They are extensively present in environments such as water and soil,proving challenging to degrade and posing potential threats to human health and ecological balance.This article provides a comprehensive overview of the characteristics and safety of artificial sweeteners,elucidates the methods and molecular mechanisms for their removal,analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of various approaches,and considers the influencing factors during the removal process.The aim is to offer insights for the removal of artificial sweeteners from the environment.Physical removal primarily relies on pathways like photodegradation and adsorption.In practical applications,this method is subject to the influence of environmental conditions and coexisting impurities.Chemical removal involves diverse advanced oxidation technologies,with sulfate radicals(SO4-·)and hydroxyl radicals(·OH)serving as the principal reactive free radicals.Biological removal predominantly relies on degrading enzymes and genes,though related research is not yet exhaustive.The degradation products generated by the first two methods are often more toxic than the parent compounds.In contrast,biological removal methods boast characteristics such as low cost,high efficiency,and environmental friendliness.Future research endeavors should concentrate on optimizing existing process conditions and exploring degradation strains,with a specific focus on applying research outcomes to practical wastewater treatment projects.
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