摘要
红曲色素(Monascus pigments,MPs)和洛伐他汀(Lovastatin)是两种具有极高营养、保健和药用价值的红曲菌代谢产物,寻找挖掘高产MPs和洛伐他汀的红曲菌,具有重要实践意义.从土样中分离得到红曲菌A1和A2,在对其进行分类鉴定的基础上,采用分光光度法对MPs的色价和洛伐他汀含量进行测定,并通过单因素和正交试验对发酵培养基进行了优化.结果表明:菌株A1和A2隶属于紫色红曲菌(Monascus purpureus).在基础培养基中,菌株A1和A2的MPs色价分别为3287.11、2561.30 U/g,洛伐他汀含量为31.35、33.74 μg/mL.通过L16(45)正交试验优化培养基,获得产MPs最优配方为乳糖20 g/L、KNO3 5 g/L、KH2PO4 4 g/L、KCl 2 g/L、Na3C6H5O7 2 g/L,产洛伐他汀最优配方为乳糖 20 g/L、KNO3 15 g/L、KH2PO4 2 g/L、KCl 6 g/L、Na3C6H5O74g/L.在最优培养基中A1菌株总色价可达15851.98 U/g,提高了 3.82倍,洛伐他汀含量为122.96 μg/mL,提高了 2.92倍;A2菌株总色价为8933.58 U/g,提高了 2.49倍,洛伐他汀含量达198.26 μg/mL,提高了 4.88倍.该文为红曲菌资源库提供了优秀潜力菌株,为工业上大规模生产MPs和洛伐他汀奠定了理论基础并提供了实际方案.
Abstract
Monascus pigments(MPs)and lovastatin are two highly valuable metabolites of Monascus with significant nutritional,healthcare and medicinal benefits,and exploring high-yield Monascus strains for MPs and lovastatin is of significant practical importance.Strains A1 and A2 of Monascus were isolated from soil samples.Based on their classification and identification,spectrophotometry was employed to quantify the pigment value and lovastatin content of MPs and lovastatin.Subsequently,single-factor and orthogonal experiments were conducted to optimize the fermentation medium for these two strains.Results indicated that strains A1 and A2 belonged to Monascus purpureus.In the basal medium,the MPs pigment value produced by strains A1 and A2 reached 3287.11 U/g and 2561.30 U/g,respectively,while lovastatin content was 31.35 μg/mL and 33.74 μg/mL,respectively.The medium was optimized by L16(45)orthogonal experiments,and the optimal medium formulation for MPs production required lactose of 20 g/L,KNO3 of 5 g/L,KH2PO4 of 4 g/L,KCl of 2 g/L,and Na3C6H5O7 of 2 g/L,while the optimal formulation for lovastatin production required lactose of 20 g/L,KNO3 of 15 g/L,KH2PO4 of 2 g/L,KCl of 6 g/L,and Na3C6H5O7 of 4 g/L.In the optimal medium,the MPs pigment value of strain A1 reached 15851.98 U/g,an increase of 3.82 times,and the lovastatin yield was 122.96 μg/mL,an increase of 2.92 times.For strain A2,the MPs pigment value was 8933.58 U/g,an increase of 2.49 times,and the lovastatin yield reached 198.26 μg/mL,an increase of 4.88 times.This study provides potential high-yield strains for the Monascus strain repository and lays a theoretical foundation and offers practical solutions for the industrial-scale dual production of MPs and lovastatin.
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