Preparation of Carvacrol Nanoemulsion and Its Inhibitory Effect on Shewanella putrefaciens
[Objective]To explore the optimal conditions for the fabrication of carvacrol nanoemulsion(CNE)using ultrasonic emulsification,and find out the mechanism of action of CNE ininhibiting Shewanella putrefaciens.[Method]The CNE fabrication conditions were optimized by orthogonal experiments,and the effects of emulsifier Tween-80 dosage,oil phase percentage and ultrasonic working time on the average particle size of CNE were analyzed.At the same time,the optimized CNE was characterized in terms of average particle size,polydispersity index,morphology,stability,and antibacterial activity,and then its mechanism against Shewanella putrefaciens was preliminarily explored.[Result]The average particle size of CNE was the smallest at(145.83±4.77)nm when the volume fraction of Tween-80 was 11%,the volume fraction of carvacrol was 5%,and the ultrasonic time was 5 min.The optimized CNE remained stable under heat treatment(25-100 ℃),had a high absolute value of Zeta potential at pH near neutral,and was most suitable for storage at 4 ℃.The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)of CNE against S.putrefaciens was 15.63 μL/mL.S.putrefaciens showed an increase in alkaline phosphatase activity,a decrease in succinate dehydrogenase activity,and an increase in the leakage of proteins and nucleic acids in response to CNE treatment.It is hypothesized that CNE may inhibit the growth of S.putrefaciens by disrupting cell wall integrity,cell membrane permeability and energy metabolism pathways.[Conclusion]CNE prepared from carvacrol has a good inhibitory effect on S.putrefaciens and has the potential to be used as an antimicrobial agent in the preservation of aquatic products.
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