Nutritional Quality of Muscle and Egg of Three Species of Wild Female Thymallus in Heilongjiang River
[Objective]To compare the nutritional quality of muscles and eggs of Thymallus grubii,Thymallus tugarinae and Thymallus baicalensis in the Heilongjiang River Basin during sexual maturity.[Method]The experiment collected the muscles and eggs of three species of Thymallus in the ovarian stage Ⅳ.In addition,the nutritional indexes such as moisture,crude ash,crude fat,crude protein content,amino acid and fatty acid composition were detected and evaluated.[Results]The regular nutrient content of eggs of the three species of Thymallus was higher than that of muscle,and there were interspecific differences in egg moisture,egg ash,egg fat and egg protein content(P<0.05),and the content of water and ash of T.baicalensis eggs was the highest,and the crude fat and crude protein contents of the eggs in the T.tugarinae were the highest.There were interspecific differences in muscle fat content(P<0.05),with T.baicalensis having the highest fat content and T.grubii having the highest crude protein content.The essential amino acid fraction/total amino acid fraction[w(EAA)/w(TAA)]of the T.tugarinae muscle and T.baicalensis eggs were the highest,which were 38.39％and 39.79％,respectively;The umami amino acid fractions/total amino acid fractions[w(DAA)/w(TAA)]of T.tugarinae muscle and T.grubii egg were the highest,which were 39.77％and 33.44％,respectively;The essential amino acid index(EAAI)of T.grubii muscle and T.tugarinae eggs were the highest,which were 73.41 and 100.60,respectively.The first limiting amino acid of the muscles and eggs of the three species of Thymallus was tryptophan,and the second limiting amino acid was methionine+cystine.Nineteen fatty acids were detected in the muscles of T.tugarinae and T.baicalensis,and only sixteen fatty acids were detected in the muscles of T.grubii,and sixteen fatty acids were detected in the three eggs.Among them,the fatty acid ratio of T.tugarinae of muscle nutrition was more ideal,and the fatty acid ratio of T.baicalensis was more ideal in egg nutrition.The macroelements of muscle and eggs were all high K and low Na type,and were rich in Fe,Zn,Cu,Mg and other trace elements,and the mineral content of T.tugarinae and T.baicalensis was slightly higher than that of T.grubii.[Conclusion]The muscles and eggs of the three species of female wild Thymallus in stage Ⅳ gonadal development had high nutritional value.Among them,the composition and distribution of muscle and egg nutrients of T.tugarinae and T.baicalensis were more reasonable than those of T.grubii.Therefore,T.grubii,as well as T.tugarinae and T.baicalensis that have not yet been cultured,have broad breeding prospects.
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据
