Objective To investigate the role of semiconductor laser in the root canal treatment of elderly patients with periapical inflammation,and to provide reference for its clinical application.Methods 260 elderly patients with periapical inflammation were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group.The experimental group was assisted by semiconductor laser to disinfect the root canal after conventional root canal preparation,while the control group was not assisted by semiconductor laser.The pain degree and efficacy of root canal treatment were compared at 24 h and 72 h after root canal preparation.Results The pain degree of the experimental group was less than that of the control group at 24 h and 72 h after root canal treatment(P<0.05).The success rate of six months and one year root canal treatment in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion In the process of root canal therapy for elderly patients with periapical inflammation,the application of semiconductor laser for root canal disinfection can reduce the degree of postoperative pain and improve the success rate of root canal therapy,which has certain clinical application value.