Objective To explore the characteristics of whole-brain functional connectivity(FC)in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD)using mean amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations(mALFF)of resting-state functional magnetic resonance(MRI),and to further explore the relationship between abnormalities in brain function and clinical symptoms and cognitive flexibility.Methods Inclusion of 39 unmedicated patients with OCD(the patient group)and 25 normal controls matched for sex,age and education(the control group).Resting-state brain images of the subjects were collected and whole-brain-based FC analyses were done using the brain regions that differed in mALFF between the two groups as seed points.Brain regions that differed in mALFF analyses and FC analyses were correlated with Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale(Y-BOCS)scores and MATRICS consensus cognitive battery(MCCB)scores.Results Compared with the control group,the patient group had increased mALFF values in the left superior temporal gyrus,left inferior frontal gyrus of the delta,bilateral inferior parietal gyrus,and right superior parietal gyrus,and decreased mALFF values in the bilateral angular gyrus,right middle temporal gyrus,left middle occipital gyrus,and right middle frontal gyrus.Increased values of mALFF were positively correlated with connectivity test values(r2=0.097,P=0.042),decreased values of mALFF were negatively correlated with obsessive-thinking scores(r2=0.136,P=0.02),and positively correlated with social cognitive values(r2=0.101,P=0.04).Functional connectivity analyses suggested enhanced functional connectivity between the right middle temporal gyrus and the right inferior frontal gyrus of the insula,the right insula,and the right supramarginal gyrus in the study group compared with the control group,and the enhanced functional connectivity values were positively correlated with the total Y-BOCS score(r2=0.114,P=0.03).Conclusion The presence of altered functional connectivity between the right middle temporal gyrus and different brain regions in patients with OCD suggests that there are altered functional connectivity in posterior regions of the brain in addition to the cortico-striatal-thalamocortical loop,and that these abnormalities in brain functional activity are related to the patients'clinical symptoms and impaired cognitive function,which may be part of the neural mechanism of the pathogenesis of patients with OCD.
Obsessive-compulsive disorderResting state functional magnetic resonance imagingAmplitude of low-frequency fluctuationFunctional connectivityCognitive function
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