Objective To explore the value of histopathology at the diagnosis of myeloproliferative neoplasms(MPN)and analyze its clinical diagnostic value.Methods Routine histologic examination and immunohistochemically analyzed was performed on bone marrow biopsies,and molecular biological detection was also performed.Results Among the 138 confirmed MPN patients,42 were BCR ABL-positive CMLs,and BCR ABL-negative MPNs included 13 PVs,72 ETs and 11 PMFs.The typical MPN bone marrow biopsy tissue had diagnostic morphological characteristics,were all characterized by the proliferation and change of megakaryocytes.Conclusion The histopathology of bone marrow biopsy has important clinical significance in the accurate diagnosis and differential diagnosis of MPNs.