Objective To investigate the changes in serum uric acid(UC)levels in patients with schizophrenia and explore its correlation with cognitive function Methods A total of 71 schizophrenia patients and 37 healthy controls were recruited.Cognitive functions were measured by the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological(RBANS),and serum UC levels were also estimated.Results The patients with schizophrenia had significantly lower scores on the nearly all of RBANS(i.e.,immediate memory,language,attention,delayed memory,and total score of RBANS)and serum UC levels than healthy controls after adjusting for variables(P<0.05).Pearson's correlation analyses showed that serum UC levels were positively associated with immediately memory and attention scores in schizophrenic patient(P<0.001).Furthermore,multivariate regression analyses showed that serum UC levels were positively associated with immediately memory and attention(P<0.05).Conclusion Reduced serum UC levels might be implicated in the pathophyology of cognitive impairments in schizophrenia.