Objective To explore the diagnostic performance of macro gene second generation sequencing on patients with unexplained lung infection,and to clarify the diagnostic value and clinical significance of macro gene second generation sequencing.Methods Thirty-four patients with unexplained lung infections in Tonglu First People's Hospital were selected from July 2022 to July 2023,and the clinical information of the patients was collected to compare the positivity rate,the detection of infection type and the distribution of pathogens between the traditional pathogen detection method and macro gene detection.Results The difference between the positive rate of macro gene and traditional pathogen detection was statistically significant(P<0.05).Macrogenes detected a greater number of bacterial,viral,fungal,mycoplasma,and chlamydial species and numbers,as well as a higher rate of detection of mixed infections and rare or difficult-to-cultivate pathogens.Macrogenic positive results were significantly higher in patients with chest pain than in those without chest pain(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with traditional pathogen testing,macro genes have better diagnostic performance in patients with unexplained lung infections,especially in mixed infections and rare or difficult-to-cultivate pathogens.