职教高考制度:内涵特征、建设困境与突破路径
Vocational Education Entrance Examination System:Connotative Features Construction Challenges,and Breakthrough Path
张更庆1
作者信息
- 1. 山东外事职业大学 高等职业教育研究院,山东 威海 264504
- 折叠
摘要
职教高考制度是现代职业教育体系建设的重要制度,具有优化职业教育类型的工具性、服务技能型社会建设的广泛性、兼顾利益相关主体的多元性、保障职业技能评价和招考计划分配的科学性等内涵特征.目前,职教高考制度建设面临路径依赖、发展短板、体系缺失、功能缺陷、生态失衡等困境,从而制约职教高考改革目标的达成.为此,需要通过构建具有类型特色的统一职教高考制度、健全"文化素质+职业技能"考试办法、建构职普等值同效的"旋转门"机制、实施差异化职业潜能测试、建构与"双减"政策相向而行的职教高考机制等途径来解决.
Abstract
The vocational education entrance examination system is an important institution in the construction of modem vocational education systems.It possesses inherent characteristics such as instrumental value in optimizing vocational education types,broad applicability in serving skill-oriented social development,diversity in balancing the interests of stakeholders,and scientific assurance in evaluating vocational skills and allocating examination plans.It includes the guarantee of student sources for achieving Chinese-style modern vocational education,acting as a key link in accelerating the construction of modern vocational education systems,serving as a fundamental element in optimizing the positioning of vocational education types,and ensuring equal access to higher education opportunities for the public.However,the construction of the vocational education entrance examination system faces challenges such as path dependence,development shortcomings,systemic deficiencies,functional defects,and ecological imbalances.These challenges hinder the achievement of goals in vocational education entrance examination reform.To address these challenges,it is necessary to build a unified vocational education entrance examination system with distinctive characteristics,improve examination methods that assess both cultural quality and vocational skills.It also needs to establish a mechanism for the equivalence of academic and vocational qualifications,implement differentiated vocational potential tests,and establish policies and mechanisms for vocational education entrance examinations that align with the policy that reduces the burden of heavy homework and off-campus training for students in compulsory education
关键词
职教高考/高考改革/职业教育/职普融通/现代职业教育体系Key words
vocational education entrance examination/examination reform/vocational education/integration of academic and vocational education/modern vocational education system引用本文复制引用
基金项目
中国高等教育学会高等教育科学研究规划重大课题(22GDZY0107)
中华职业教育社规划委托重点课题(ZJS2023ZD07)
山东外事职业大学教学改革研究项目(202226)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据