21世纪以来英国国家技能战略生成动因、内容框架及启示
Development Motivation,Content Framework,and Insights of the National Skills Strategy in the UK since the 21st Century
贾旻 1韩阳阳1
作者信息
- 1. 山西大学 继续教育学院,山西 太原 030006
- 折叠
摘要
为实现经济的可持续发展与稳固国际地位,21世纪以来,英国历届政府都关注"技能"问题,将技能战略视为经济社会综合发展战略的重要部分.英国技能战略被提升至国家战略是为了解决技能发展的多重难题,满足政党和民众对技能教育的追求与诉求,顺应国际职业教育改革趋势,同时技能战略的生成也获得了政府部门和专家学者的支持.英国技能战略的内容框架由三个相互关联的领域——技能开发、技能激活以及技能使用构建,即通过教育和培训开发国民技能;激活劳动力的技能储备,使得拥有技能的人进入或是重新进入劳动力市场;确保现有的技能能够被有效地使用.借鉴英国经验,我国技能战略的制定实施应当始终基于国家特色,在世界技能改革潮流中,聚焦我国技能短缺问题,充分发挥政策共同体的作用,优化技能战略生成的政治环境,同时构建综合的技能战略内容体系,发展中国特色现代学徒制以完善职教体系和促进技能开发、加强技能保护与认证以推动技能流入劳动力市场、开展技能供给评估和需求预测以实现技能供需匹配与高效利用.
Abstract
In order to achieve sustainable economic development and maintain their international status,successive governments in the UK have focused on the issue of skills and regarded skills strategy as an important part of the comprehensive development strategy for the economy and society.The elevation of the UK's skills strategy to a national strategy is aimed at addressing the multiple challenges of skills development and meeting the demands of political parties and the public for skills education.It is in line with the international trend of vocational education reform,and the generation of the skills strategy has also gained support from governments and experts.The content framework of the UK's skills strategy consists of three interrelated areas:skills development,skills activation,and skills utilization.This means developing national skills through education and training,activating the skills reserves of the workforce to enable individuals with skills to enter or re-enter the labor market,and ensuring the effective utilization of existing skills.Drawing on the experience of the UK,the formulation and implementation of our country's skills strategy should always be based on our national characteristics and focus on addressing our own skills shortages in the global trend of skills reform.We need to fully leverage the role of the policy community,optimize the political environment for strategic development,and build a comprehensive content system for skills strategy.We also need to develop a distinctive modern apprenticeship system in China to improve the vocational education system,promote skills development,strengthen skill protection and certification,facilitate the flow of skills into the labor market,and conduct assessments of skill supply and forecasts of skill demand to achieve a better match between skill supply and demand and ensure efficient utilization.
关键词
英国/技能战略/技能开发/技能激活/技能使用Key words
UK/skills strategy/skills development/skills activation/skills utilization引用本文复制引用
基金项目
教育部哲学社会科学研究后期资助项目(21JHQ085)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据