Niche distribution of Monochamus saltuarius and Arhopalus rusticus on host Pinus koraiensis
[Objective]This study aims to clarify the spatial distribution of Monochamus saltuarius and Arhopalus rusticus on Pinus koraiensis from the perspective of vertical space,and explore the interspecific relationship between these two species,so as to provide theoretical basis for their control measures.[Method]Adults of M.saltuarius and A.rusticus were simultaneously detected in P.koraiensis forest in Fushun,Liaoning Province,and both species of beetle larvae were found on the same P.koraiensis tree.Taking P.koraiensis as the habitat resource of longhorn beetle larvae and the vertical height of P.koraiensis as the resource sequence,P.koraiensis affected by longhorn beetles was selected using 40 cm as a unit to study the morphological characteristics,distribution location,niche width and niche overlap of M.saltuarius and A.rusticus larvae.[Result]The distribution of M.saltuarius larvae on P.koraiensis was(87.20±8.45)heads per plant,and that of A.rusticus larvae was(24.40±2.37)heads per plant.The distribution of M.saltuarius larvae was positively skewed on P.koraiensis,with the largest distribution of(16.40±2.38)heads per plant at 80-120 cm above ground,significantly higher than the number below 80 cm and above 120 cm(P＜0.05).A.rusticus larvae were evenly distributed in the aboveground parts of the affected trees,with the most abundant at a height of 200-280 cm,accounting for 33.63%of the total number of larvae,significantly higher than the number below 120 cm,160-200 cm and above 320 cm(P＜0.05).No larvae of these two pests were found in the underground parts of damaged P.koraiensis.There was a certain difference in niche width between M.saltuarius and A.rusticus larvae,with values of 0.694 4 and 0.757 6,respectively,and a niche overlap value of 0.804 6.[Conclusion]M.saltuarius larvae are mainly distributed in the middle and lower parts of the trunk of P.koraiensis,while A.rusticus larvae are evenly distributed at various heights of the trunk.The ecological niche overlap between the two is relatively high on P.koraiensis,and the degree of similarity in ecological characteristics is relatively high,indicating a high competitive relationship between the two in P.koraiensis forest to a certain extent.[Ch,2 fig.25 ref.]
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