Soil microbial diversity and its influencing factors in the habitat of rare plant Emmenopterys henryi in Jiulongshan,Zhejiang Province
[Objective]This study,with an investigation into the temporal and spatial changes of soil microbial diversity in the habitat of the rare plant Emmenopterys henryi and the main controlling factors of these changes,is aimed to provide reference for the protection and breeding of the rare species.[Method]High throughput sequencing technology was used to detect operatonal taxonomic units(OTUs)of bacteria and fungi in soil from 34 E.henryi dominated stands before an analysis was conducted of the effects of altitude,slope direction,soil nutrition,and characteristics of the tree communities on the diversities of soil bacteria and fungi.[Result]a diversity analysis indicated that the mean of Shannon-Wiener index of bacterial communities was 5.87,and that of fungal communities was 0.98;the numbers equivalent of Shannon-Wiener index(H')decreased significantly with the increase of altitude(P＜0.05)and increased significantly with the increased soil pH(4.62-5.83)(P＜0.05);meanwhile,the numbers equivalent of Simpson index(D')was significantly and negatively correlated with the content of available potassium in soil(P＜0.05);H'and D'of soil fungi firstly decreased and then increased with the increased altitude,and significantly decreased with the increased alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content in soil(P＜0.05);meanwhile,there was a significant and positive correlation between D'and the basal area of the central E.henryi tree(P＜0.05).β diversity analysis indicated that the mean Sorenson index of bacterial communities was 0.39,with 70.2％contributions of species turnover component,and that of fungal communities was 0.72,with 85.1％contributions of species turnover component;the Sorenson indices of soil bacterial and fungal communities were both significantly spatial auto-correlated(P＜0.05),and correlated with differences in soil nutrient content and tree species composition.The partial Mantel test results indicated that:the species turnover components of bacteria were significantly correlated with differences in soil nutrient content and tree species composition(P＜0.05),while the species richness difference of soil bacteria was significantly correlated with the difference in sampling year(P＜0.05);the species turnover components of fungi were significantly spatially auto correlated(P＜0.05),and correlated with differences in soil nutrient content,while the species richness difference of fungi was significantly correlated with the differences in sampling year and the altitude(P＜0.05).[Conclusion]Compared with other forests in China,the habitat of E.henryi in Jiulongshan boasts more diverse soil fungal,less diverse soil bacterial and higher spatiotemporal heterogeneity in soil microbial diversity.Altitude,soil alkaline nitrogen content,and the size of E.henryi tree are the main factors affecting a diversity of soil microbes,while soil physicochemical properties and the composition of tree communities are the main factors that influence β diversity of soil microbes.[Ch,4 fig.2 tab.32 ref.]
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